Ashimas Estrangement - Literature Essay Samples

In The Namesake, Jhumpa Lahari explores the themes of identity, clash of culture, isolation, importance of names and family. Both of the Ganguli parents, especially Ashima, struggle with assimilating to this new culture that they are not accustomed to. Lahiri looks closely at the contrasting experiences of first generation and second generation immigrants, Lahiri looks at the cultural gap between the two and all the problem that they face. By reading Lahiris prose, we get an insight to Bengali culture through the customs, traditions and language that Ashima and Ashoke hold on to. Jhumpa Lahiri recalls that it was easiest for her father arriving in America. In an office setting he was a part of another family structure, contributing to another purpose. My mother would go for days and days at home. The outside world was scarier to her for longer.†, which is similar to how she portrays Ashima and Ashoke’s experience. Through Ashima’s pain and struggle to build a new life in a different world, the theme of the immigrant experience and dislocation are made clear. We are introduced to Ashima when she is â€Å"combining Rice Krispies and Planters peanuts and chopped red onion in a bowl†, and thus we find out that â€Å"Ashima has been consuming this concoction throughout her pregnancy, a humble approximation of the snack sold for pennies on Calcutta sidewalks†. This first paragraph introduces us to the theme of clash of cultures, as Ashima is using Rice Krispies and Planters peanuts; which are two American products, to make an Indian snack. We also learn that â€Å"it is the one thing she craves.† which emphasises her home sickness, and also gives the impression that she craves for the familiar culture and atmosphere. Food plays an important role in the Namesake, it is used as a symbol for Bengali culture, and emphasises the dislocation and homesickness Ashima and Ashoke face. We see at the very beginning of the novel that Ashima is trying to hold on to her culture through Indian food and â€Å"her Murshidabad silk sarIâ⠂¬ . â€Å"She is asked to remove her Murshidabad silk sari in favor of a flowered cotton gown that, to her mild embarrassment, only reaches her knees. †, which introduces the theme of clash of cultures. Lahiri continues to emphasis the theme of dislocation, the immigrant experience and clash of cultures through Ashima’s experiences; we also find out how much Ashima has had to give up for Ashoke and Gogol. â€Å"It is the first time in her life she has slept alone, surrounded by strangers; all her life she has slept either in a room with her parents, or with Ashoke at her side.†, this shows us how sheltered Ashima has been all her life, sand implies this experience is out of her comfort zone. We find out the extent to which she has been sheltered when she reveals â€Å"twenty-six members of her family had watched from the balcony at Dum Dum Airport, as she was drifting over parts of India shed never set foot in, and then even farther, outside India itself,†. Not only was Ashima very sheltered, but she was also very close to her family, knowing this we realise she has left everything she knows and loves behind. We can predict that coming from such a sheltered back ground and having a lack of exposure to the outside world, Ashima would have a hard time understanding American culture, and so it would be a constant struggle for her to assimilate to the new culture. This is a complete change for Ashima, and a change that is too far from her comfort zone, Lahiri emphasises this when she associates physical pain with the â€Å"American seconds† as she tells us â€Å"American seconds tick on top of her pulse point, For half a minute, a band of pain wraps around her†. This foreshadows how painful the immigrant experience is going to be for Ashima. Lahiri also points out that Ashima feels â€Å"relief.† as â€Å"She calculates Indian time on her hands†¦And then, again, relief. She calculates the Indian time on her hands.†, which goes to show India is where she feels comfortable. Now Ashima is in a hospital giving birth in this alien land where nothing seems familiar. â€Å"Nothing feels normal to Ashima. For the past eighteen months, ever since she’s arrived in Cambridge, nothing has felt normal at all.†, everything is unfamiliar and there are no loved ones except Ashoke to give her the support she needs in this time. She is so used to being with her family on an everyday basis, that is feels strange or â€Å"miraculous† that she is giving birth without any of her family members around, other than Ashoke. â€Å"It’s not so much the pain, which she knows, somehow, she will survive. It’s the consequence: motherhood in a foreign land.†, so we know the pain doesn’t bother her, it’s raising Gogol in this unfamiliar Country, her fear is explained further as Lahiri writes â€Å"she is terrified to raise a child in a country where she is related to no one, where she knows so little†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , and this intr oduces the theme of clash of cultures. Ashima admits she knows very little about the American culture which Gogol will grow up immersed in and we get a hint that Gogol is going to have a disconnected relationship with his parents, because of the clash of cultures, and even Ashima worries that this might just be the case. She also fears raising Gogol alone without the help of her family. Knowing how scared and distressed Ashina is, creates empathy towards her in the readers. especially as we see her fear manifest itself into reality. Lahiri also hints that Ashima will remain homesick and find it difficult to settle, as she has nothing to do in this Country, and her life may start seeming â€Å"tentative and spare† to her. Ashima stays at home, cooks clean and takes care of Gogol and here traditional gender roles are also present. We see both Ashoke and Ashima struggling to asimilate and also trying to hold on to their cultural identity. â€Å"Ashima looks up from a tattered copy of Desh magazine†, this magazine that she â€Å"still cannot bring herself to throw away.†. is a symbol of her culture and all that she has left behind which she is clutching on to through this magazine as well as other symbols. Other symbols that represent her culture include the people she associates with who are all Bengali, we notice that â€Å"Apart from his father, the baby has three visitors, all Bengali†. There are moments that show just how much pain and isolation Ashima feels, a powerful example is when â€Å"Patty smiles, a little too widely, and suddenly Ashima realizes her error, knows she should have said fingers and toes. This error pains her almost as much as her last contraction. †. These little errors make her feel disconnected from this alien place and culture. Ashima is not comfortable with raising Gogol in an apparently alien land, especially because she feels he will be distanced from his extended family, and she wants him to have a good relationship with his family like she does. Ashima â€Å"†¦can’t help but pity him. She has never known of a person entering the world so alone, so deprived.†, unlike Ashoke she feels sorry for Gogol, because he will not have that extended family bond, that he could have had if he was raised in India. This concerns Ashima so much so that she tells Ashoke â€Å"†¦ I don’t want to raise Gogol alone in this country. It’s not right. I want to go back†, and although Ashoke feels guilty for bringing her to this alien environment, they both decide to stay for Gogols sake. Ashima wants to remain close and connected to her family, and so she asks her grandmother to name Gogol, however the letter gets lost which leaves Ashima disappointed and feeling disconnected from h er past. Ashima tries to hold on to her cultural identity by only associating with Bengali acquaintances and we find out â€Å"They all become friends only for the reason that they all come from Calcutta.† Robert Cohen comments that â€Å"distinct diaspora communities are constructed out of the, . . . conference of narratives of the old country to the new which create the sense of shared history. Thus a member’s adherence to a diasporic community is demonstrated by an acceptance of an inescapable link with their past migration history†. Lahiri also emphasis the importance of name through Ashima, as we are told the meaning of her name and we see how accurate the meaning is for Ashima. â€Å"Ashima means â€Å"she who is limitless, without borders.†, and as Ashima grows she becomes even more true to her name, because by the end Ashima no longer can call either India nor America home. Throughout the play although Ashima makes continuous effort to preserve her Bengali culture within the four walls of the Ganguli household, she does make changes for the children in the form of American holidays, food e.t.c. However, Ashima does make sure that her children are well informed about their roots, while not forcing them to choose their roots over the culture their surrounded by. She exposes her children to the Bengali customs, beliefs, food, habits e.t.c, Ashima teaches Gogol To memorize four-line children’s poem by Tagore, and the names of the deities adorning the ten-headed Durga during Puja†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , how ever â€Å"Every afternoon Ashima sleeps, but before nodding off, she switches the television to channel 2, and tells Gogol to watch Sesame Street and The Electric Company, in order to keep up with the English he uses at nursery school†. Gogol later recalls that â€Å". . . it was for him, for Sonia, that his parents had gone to the trouble of learning these customs†. Although the family members â€Å"progressively† celebrate American holidays and start accepting some parts of American culture, Lahiri shows us that for Ashima assimilation still remains a struggle. Unlike Ashoke who seems to be settled with his job, Ashima still feels uncomfortable with this new culture, and she holds on to her past through several symbols or means such as clothing, food, traditional celebrations. Now that Gogol invites American children to his birthdays, Ashima finds preparing food a large number of Bengali dishes for above forty Bengali guests â€Å"less stressful than the task of feeding a handful of American children†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Ashima also â€Å"†¦continues to wear nothing but saris and sandals from Bata, Ashoke, accustomed to only wearing tailor-made pants and shirts all his life, learns to buy ready made.†, and so we learn that although Ashoke changes his apparel in accordance to the American culture, Ashima still wears traditional clo thing which might be because she s not comfortable letting of any part of her Bengali culture. Soon Ashima realises â€Å"†¦being a foreigner, is a sort of lifelong pregnancy — a perpetual wait, a constant burden, a continuous feeling out of sorts. â€Å", which sums up Ashima’s state of mind and emphasis the painful immigrant experience due to clash of cultures and isolation. Lahiri brings forward the theme of isolation from their past and Bengali culture when she writes; â€Å"†¦ Ashoke and Ashima live the lives of the extreme aged, those for whom everyone they once knew and loved is lost†¦ Even those family members who continue to live seem dead somehow, always invisible, impossible to touch.†. This creates sympathy for the two characters, whose struggle and isolation from their loved ones and familiar culture is being made more clear. Their isolation from their culture is further explained when we are told that in their trip to India â€Å" †¦Ashima and Ashoke speak in broken Hindi†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , showing us the disconnect from their culture through language. This also reinforces the meaning of Ashima’s name, as it creates the effect of not feeling the sense of belonging to even their home Country which are â€Å"†¦quickly shed, quickly forgotten†¦ irrelevant to their lives† Towards the end of the novel we see just how much this journey has changed Ashima, and how much she has grown because of it. In the end, there is a shift from Gogol’s perspective back to Ashima’s, which makes us realise it was her journey all along. Ashima is packing up and going back to India, â€Å"and She feels overwhelmed by the thought of the move she is about to make, to the city that was once home and is now in its own way foreign.†, this also brings us back to her name and how â€Å"true to the meaning of her name she will be without borders, without a home of her own, a resident everywhere and nowhere.†. Ashima has learned to do things herself, and she is not the same Ashima she once was, â€Å"For thirty-three years, she missed her life in India. Now she will miss her job at the library, the women with whom she’s worked.†¦ She will miss the country in which she had grown to know and love her husband.†. and at this point Ashima is â€Å"true to the meaning of her name she will be without borders, without a home of her own, a resident everywhere and nowhere.†, emphasising the theme of importance of names. Ashima’s struggle to adapt to her host Country’s culture is the first thing we learn about when reading The Namesake. The perspective changes from Ashima to Gogol at the beginning of the book and later changes back to Ashima, creating the effect that this story has been about Ashima’s journey in this alien land. Ashima is attached to the Indian culture and life in India which she has had to leave behind, and so we constantly see her trying to preserve the tradition and values of the Bengali culture, which creates a sense of isolation from the host Country. In the end we see that Ashima learns to overcome, to a great degree, the isolation that she faces and she comes to terms with the American culture without fully assimilating to all aspects of the culture and it’s values. We see Ashima become independent and true to her name, because in the end she cannot pick one home.

Is Education A Common Good - 1299 Words

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Several key early American leaders such as George Washington, Benjamin Rush, Thomas Jefferson, and Noah Webster argued that it was important build a powerful domestic system of education so that Americans could receive the highest-quality education a t home rather than going overseas for their education (Jeynes, 2007). These founders of America’s post–Revolutionary War education system were extremely well educated and consequently established rigorous standards in the nation’s schools and colleges which made the fledgling country both progressive and competitive. American students who continued their education were expected to become fluent in two or three languages and have well-developed interdisciplinary expertise inShow MoreRelatedThe Education Of The United States1575 Words   |  7 PagesStates, few have seriously argued the importance of education to society. 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The Gretest Poverty of All Bieng Unwanted, Unloved and...

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Compare and contrast Hide and Seek by Vernon Scannell...

Hide and Seek concerns a boy hiding cautiously whilst playing hide and seek with his peers. Gradually, he realises he has been abandoned, and fear overcomes him due to being isolated in the dark surroundings. The tone is incredibly certain and positive at the beginning. However, his confidence gradually fades away as the realisation of his abandonment occurs. The mood is analogous to the tone. At first, we can sense the excitement. This modifies to anxiety and nervousness towards the end. The poet uses language features to portray the tone. On the first line, exclamation marks are used to show the enthusiasm of the boy. Scannell uses personification and the senses to describe the surrounding atmosphere in a vivid way. Therefore, the†¦show more content†¦But where are they who sought you? This is the voice of the adult reflecting on a bitter experience. It is symbolic that the poem begins with the imperative and exclamation marks and conspicuously ends with confusion and ques tion marks. It emphasises the gradual change from having a positive attitude to realisation of isolation. An alternative point that proves that the mood is positive at the beginning is that the child compares the current situation to a typical, happy one the majority of childrens experience. The sacks in the tool shed smell like the seaside. This gives the impression of a dazzling, sunny beach with a lot of happy children playing without constraints and restriction. This is ironic as the child is isolated in a dark, begrimed place with restricted space. The poem is one continuous stanza. The dramatic monologue symbolizes the unbearable length of waiting time. The character is speaking directly to us, explaining his different feelings and thoughts. The poem can be divided into two parts. They are positivity and certainty, and negativity and realisation. The first line of the second part is, it seems a long time since they went away. Previously, the child attempts to convince himself they are still looking for him. They must be thinking youre very clever. The effect of this is to emphasise the naivety and innocence of the child. For the majority of the poem, the child

Is India really a Democracy - 862 Words

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Understanding human rights Free Essays

Introduction Human rights are defined as those inalienable and universal rights and freedoms which all individuals enjoy simply because they are human, they are entitlements which we all share regardless of age, gender, race, sexuality, class or culture (Henry 2009: 1). Human right are rights inherent to all human beings, irrespective of the nationality, place of resident, sex, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, language, or any other status. Human rights are entitlement gotten outside/without discrimination. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding human rights or any similar topic only for you Order Now these rights are all interrelated, interdependent and indivisible in the sense that most states have the same human right laws that govern the security of individual and group with brings about equality before the law and freedom of expression; economic, social and cultural rights, such as the rights to development and self-determination. Most human rights are expressed and supported by law, in terms of treaties, customary international law, general principles and other sources of international law. infact, these human right laws lay down obligations of Governments to act in certain way in order to promot and protect human rights. Human rights entail both rights and obligations. States assume obligations and duties under international law to respect, to protect and to fulfil human rights. The obligation to respect means that States must refrain from interfering with or curtailing the enjoyment of human rights. The obligation to protect requires States to protect individuals and groups against human rights abuses. The obligation to fulfil means that States must take positive action to facilitate the enjoyment of basic human rights. At the individual level, while we are entitled our human rights, we should also respect the human rights of others. Universal Declaration on human rights in 1948 contains 30 articles. but the most important of these are considered as follows: the right to life, liberty, property and security of person, the right to an education, the right to employemtn, paid holidays, protection against unemployment and social security, the right to participate fully in cultural life freedome from torture or cruel, inhumane treatement or punishment, freedome of expression and opinion freedom of thought, conscience and religion. Vienna World conference on human rights 1993 noted that ‘it is the duty of states to promoted and protect all human rights and fundamental freedoms, regardless of their politica, economic and cultural systems. Human Rights Act in the UK â€Å"The Human Rights Act was brought about as a result of the European Convention on Human Rights, which was set up by the Council of Europe. This was to ensure that the violations of human rights under the reign of Hitler during the Second World War, would not be able to happen again. The act however, was only passed into UK law in October 2000. individual now have the right to seek redress in a UK court instead of having to visit the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg, which covered the act of: the right to life, prohibition of torture, inhuman and degrading treatment, Freedom from forced labour, Right to liberty, Right to a fair trial, Retrospective penalties, Right to respect for private and family life, Freedom of thought, conscience and religion, Freedom of expression, Freedom of assembly and association, Right to marry, Prohibition of discrimination†. The Human Rights Act 1998, has affected the lives of British Citizens, for example recently a law allowing terror suspects to be detained for up to 90 days without charge, but this was dropped as it was deemed to breach the rights of those being detained for such a long period of time. Importance of human rights Human rights help everyone to have a secured and safe life. it educates people to be directed to the full development of human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace. Criticisms against human rights Human rights as a principle is always positive. They should be the basis for evaluating any regime, aid program, etc. The criticism can arise when human rights are written down as laws, as they are almost impossible to police and there can be very blurry edges when defining everyday practicalities, such as a bill of rights. Some sociologists also see a problem with western countries defining human rights in a way that makes sense to westerners, yet is at odds with another culture. An example is child education. we see it as a human right and wish to enforce it globally. Many poor countries depend on working children in order for the family to eat and survive. When the child is forced to go to school, they lose a breadwinner, and a parent can also be forced to cease work in order to now attend to a child who is not working at home like they used to. Costs are also astronomical in developing countries to school a single child, and many families are large. end result is deepening of impoverishment before the fruits of the child’s education kick in decades later. So is this still an easily recognisable human right? â€Å"Human Rights† is a much used and abused term today, and is used extensively for political gain. The term is used to defend Human freedom as well as destroy it. People tend to attach importance to particular human rights issue according to ideology and political convenience. if a man is not to have recourse or rebellion against tyranny and oppression, taking law into their own hands,†Human Rights† should be built into the society as a natural rule. As a last resort only, law should be applied as a protection. Desite the fact human right laws are in existence, there is still racism and discrimination which has criticised human right in a way that it can no longer make any impact to individual in some societies. Conclusion Human rights are the rights of individual men and women to basic freedoms such as freedome of association, freedom speech, etc. one should note that ‘the improvement fo one right facilitates advancement fo the others, likewise, the deprivation of one right adversely affects the others. How to cite Understanding human rights, Essay examples

Operational Role Of Security Information - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Operational Role Of Security Information. Answer: Introduction Event management is one of the industries that involves multiple of activities, which ranges from wedding to festival events. This is the reason behind the growth of this industry in the global sphere. Every event differs in some way or the other. With a change in lifestyle, people like to arrange an event for every reason. This increases the demand for such events with successful people involvement. Event can be small consisting of local region or it can be a big event covering a bigger prospect. However, it is seen even with fast growth of such events on every ground, be it for festivals or exhibition, the industry still lacks behind due to various reasons (Ibisworld 2018). The paper discusses the competitive nature and growth prospect of the industry by carrying out a micro level as well as macro level analysis. Micro Industry Analysis Micro industry analysis explains the competitive nature of the industry and demand of people for the industry. Micro level analysis visualizes the threat that the company is facing and the reason behind it being laid behind even after rising demand. Competitors Analysis The industry faces huge competition due to existence and emergence of many small and big events in local or global level (Grant 2016). There are several diversified industries that emerged rapidly in local as well as international level. This was the main reason behind the fragmented nature of the industry. There has been keen competition for different types of events such as travel, meetings, exhibition and others. These events are known as MICE events and companies are entering into these events largely. Reed Exhibition is the similar kind of company entering the industry. The company arrange exhibition and faces huge competition from other event management company. People Analysis Exhibition sector is one of the growing sectors in the event management industry. This is because the rising demand for exhibition has made it grow drastically in 2012. Exhibition is also oneof the most attractive types of events compared to others. This is because the event is the most profitable of all the other events of the industry. The event saw a huge customer traffic since it has started. This has also led to huge customers for Reed Exhibition and made them one of the largest event organizers of the world (Porter and Heppelmann 2014). Macro Industry Analysis Macro environmental analysis will analyze the threat and opportunity the business is facing by analyzing its buyers, supplier and other competitors. Threat from new entrant Event management industry faces huge threat of new entrant in the industry. This is because; event can be organized by anyone at a small level and later increases by investing very little. Thus, new companies find it easy to enter the industry and start their own business. Moreover, compared to cost, profit is quite high in this industry (Jones 2014). Thus, demand for entering the business increases. Threat from rivalry Industry faces huge threat from rivalry within the industry due to existence of high competition. The industry faces huge competition from various typesof events. Even in the exhibition event, the industry has seen many new companies entering and organizing exhibition. Competitors not only come from exhibition organizers, it also comes from wedding, meeting and other types of meeting organizers (Mallen and Adams 2017). Similar threat is experienced by Reed Exhibition organizer due to an increase in similar type of organizers in the industry. Threat of substitutes The industry faces huge threat from substitutes because even though the demand for such events has increased in recent time, yet there are people that arrange their own family events. Moreover, many companies arrange for their own events from time to time, instead of giving it to the event organizers (Bhatt, Manadhata and Zomlot 2014). These substitute event Organizers Company face increases the substitute threat to the industry. Bargaining power of suppliers Bargaining power of the suppliers is low in the industry because the supplies that the industry needs are common and are available easily everywhere. Thus, an increase in price by one will force the company to shift to other suppliers. Thus, this reduces the power in the hand of the suppliers (Bhatt, Manadhata and Zomlot 2014). Moreover, there is no switching cost for the companies to move from one supplier to the other. Suppliers have to go according to the event management company in some factors in order to keep getting business for themselves. Bargaining power of buyers Bargaining power of the buyers are high in this industry as there are large number of companies that the customers can choose according to their own preference. Moreover, the consumers also face no switching cost for switching from one company to the other (Fleisher and Bensoussan 2015). Thus, it is necessary for the companies to go according to the consumer preference in order to gain the trust of the consumer. SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis helps in defining the strength and weakness that the industry is facing based on the operation and competitive environment (Bull et al. 2016). Strength Huge growth in the past years Huge range of increasing demand Various type of event management categories Face to face business activities Weakness Large bargaining power of the customers Rising competition lead to reduction in price Large number of substitute to industry Opportunities Extensive growth prospect Better target audience Winning trust of the customers and increase loyal customers Threat Threat from competitors Threat from new entrant to the industry Threat from technology improvement Topic: SWOT Analysis Source: Authors creation Conclusion From the above analysis, it can be deduced that event management industry is one of the competitive industry. This is because of the increasing competitors in the industry, both small and large scale. Moreover, the company also faces huge threat from substitute, which increases the competition even further. However, due to high growth prospect the industry is considered as one of the fragmented industry. This is because of huge varieties of event that the industry organizes. The industry is experiencing increasing types of event organizers due to increasing demand from the public. References Bhatt, S., Manadhata, P.K. and Zomlot, L., 2014. The operational role of security information and event management systems.IEEE Security Privacy,12(5), pp.35-41. Bull, J.W., Jobstvogt, N., Bhnke-Henrichs, A., Mascarenhas, A., Sitas, N., Baulcomb, C., Lambini, C.K., Rawlins, M., Baral, H., Zhringer, J. and Carter-Silk, E., 2016. Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats: A SWOT analysis of the ecosystem services framework.Ecosystem services,17, pp.99-111. Fleisher, C.S. and Bensoussan, B.E., 2015.Business and competitive analysis: effective application of new and classic methods. FT Press. Grant, R.M., 2016.Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley Sons. Ibisworld.com.au. (2018).Event Promotion and Management Services in Australia Market Research | IBISWorld. [online] Available at: https://www.ibisworld.com.au/industry-trends/market-research-reports/administrative-support-services/event-promotion-management-services.html [Accessed 12 Jan. 2018]. Jones, M., 2014.Sustainable event management: A practical guide. Routledge. Mallen, C. and Adams, L.J. eds., 2017.Event management in sport, recreation and tourism: theoretical and practical dimensions. Taylor Francis. Porter, M.E. and Heppelmann, J.E., 2014. How smart, connected products are transforming competition.Harvard Business Review,92(11), pp.64-88.