Essay about einstein - 524 Words

He was the embodiment of pure intellect, the bumbling professor with the German accent, a comic clichà © in a thousand films. Instantly recognizable, like Charlie Chaplins Little Tramp, Albert Einsteins shaggy-haired visage was as familiar to ordinary people as to the matrons who fluttered about him in salons from Berlin to Hollywood. Yet he was unfathomably profound — the genius among geniuses who discovered, merely by thinking about it, that the universe was not as it seemed. Even now scientists marvel at the daring of general relativity (quot;I still cant see how he thought of it,quot; said the late Richard Feynman, no slouch himself). But the great physicist was also engagingly simple, trading ties and socks for mothy sweaters†¦show more content†¦And for many advanced thinkers of the 1920s, from Dadaists to Cubists to Freudians, that was a fitting credo, reflecting what science historian David Cassidy calls quot;the incomprehensiveness of the contemporary scene — the fall of monarchies, the upheaval of the social order, indeed, all the turbulence of the 20th century.quot; Einsteins galvanizing effect on the popular imagination continued throughout his life, and after it. Fearful his grave would become a magnet for curiosity seekers, Einsteins executors secretly scattered his ashes. But they were defeated at least in part by a pathologist who carried off his brain in hopes of learning the secrets of his genius. Only recently Canadian researchers, probing those pickled remains, found that he had an unusually large inferior parietal lobe — a center of mathematical thought and spatial imagery — and shorter connections between the frontal and temporal lobes. More definitive insights, though, are emerging from old Einstein letters and papers. These are finally coming to light after years of resistance by executors eager to shield the great relativists image. Unlike the avuncular caricature of his later years who left his hair unshorn, helped little girls with their math homework and was a soft touch for almost any worthy cause, Einstein is emerging from these documents as a man whose unsettled private life contrasts sharply with his serene contemplation of the universe. He could be alternately warmheartedShow MoreRelatedEinstein Report1660 Words   |  7 PagesAlbert Einstein is possibly considered to be the greatest scientist of all time. He is well known for coming up with the theory of relativity described by the formula e=mc2, where energy is equal to mass times the speed of light squared. His accomplishments in physics helped start the nuclear age with nuclear weapons and power. Like most famous people he changed the world in a variety of ways. The most significant ways Einstein made the world a better place were his achievements in science, pacifismRead MoreThe Contributions Of Albert Einstein1197 Words   |  5 PagesNovember 6, 2016 2nd Period Mrs. Watson Albert Einstein Research Paper There are only two ways to live your life. One is as though nothing is a miracle. The other is as though everything is a miracle. (Einstein). Through Albert Einstein s eyes, everything that exists in the world is a miracle. Einstein s discoveries have proved the science world that the elements which make up the earth are indeed miracles. Albert Einstein is one of the most accomplished mathematicians and scientistsRead MoreEssay on Albert Einstein985 Words   |  4 PagesEducation The only thing that interferes with my learning is my education -Albert Einstein Albert Einstein was born on March 14, 1879 in Germany to a Jewish couple. While having initial complications with a misshapen head during child birth, he grew normally. However it was commented by Albert Einsteins relatives that he was a little slow. Einsteins lack of intelligent was shown by his late age of learning how to speak. His first formal education (besides the private education he receivedRead More Albert Einstein Essays842 Words   |  4 Pages Albert Einstein Albert Einstein was born on March 14, 1879 in Ulm. He was raised in Munich, where his family owned a small electrical machinery shop. Though he did not even begin to speak until he was three, he showed a great curiosity of nature and even taught himself Euclidean geometry at the age of 12. Albert despised school life, thinking it dull and boring, so when his family decided to move to Milan, Italy, Einstein took the opportunity to drop out of school, only 15 at the time. AfterRead MoreThe Life Of Albert Einstein923 Words   |  4 Pages2015 5th Period The Life of Albert Einstein Albert Einstein, the son of Hermann and Pauline Einstein, was born on March 14, 1879, at Ulm, in Wurttemberg, Germany. Shortly after his birth, his family moved to Munich, where he would begin his schooling at the Luitpold Gymnasium. In 1894, his parents decide to move to Pavia, Italy, but Einstein wanted to finish the school year. He only stayed for six months and then joined his family in Italy. One year later, Einstein took the entrance exam for the SwissRead MoreThe Physics Of Albert Einstein1284 Words   |  6 PagesRobbie Patio BIO 101 Professor Dartley 4/16/15 Albert Einstein Most people know who Albert Einstein is and how great of a physicist he was, yet many aren’t aware that Albert Einstein had not even finished high school! Most would think that a person who doesn’t complete high school is dumb, and lazy. The fact is, Einstein did not complete high school, not because he was dumb or lazy. At the age of 15, he quit high school because he did not agree with the way the teachers taught. He thought that theRead More Albert Einstein Essay678 Words   |  3 PagesAlbert Einstein Einstein was born in 1879 in Germany. When he was a small child he didn’t show any high intelligence. In fact he even took a while to learn how to speak. He was a smart kid but it took a while for people to notice his intelligence. He would ask questions his own teachers couldn’t answer and he even taught himself calculus. He took an entrance exam for Swiss Federal Polytechnic School and failed. He failed but he was still admitted a year later. While doing his regular work heRead More Albert Einstein Essay1645 Words   |  7 Pageslife. One is as though nothing is a miracle. The other is as though everything is a miracle. Albert Einstein was the first child born to Hermann and Pauline Einstein, Jewish, middle-class Germans, on March 14, 1879 at Ulm, in Wurttemberg, Germany. Alberts sister, Maria, was born in November of 1881. They remained close throughout their lives.Einstein and sister 1 The Einstein family moved to Munich in 1880 to start their own business. Albert began his secondary schooling at Luitpold-GymnasiumRead MoreAlbert Einstein Essay1119 Words   |  5 PagesAlbert Einstein Einstein, Albert (1879-1955), was one of the greatest scientists of all time. He is best known for his theory of relativity, which he first advanced when he was only 26. He also made many other contributions to science. Einsteins relativity theory revolutionized scientific thought with new conceptions of time, space, mass, motion, and gravitation. He treated matter and energy as exchangeable, not distinct. In so doing, he laid the basis for controlling the release of energyRead More Albert Einstein Essay1047 Words   |  5 Pages Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Wà ¼ttemberg, Germany, on March 14, 1879. While he was still an infant, the family moved to Munich. Albert’s father was plagued with business failures throughout his life, and after one such failure, he moved his family to Milan, Italy. Einstein was, at first, left behind to finish his schooling at the Luitpold Gymnasium, but he disapproved of this choice, and followed his family to Milan. Albert decided to attempt to skip the rest of gymnasium and tried to pass

The Death Of The United States Essay - 1332 Words

Why would the residents of the United States vote to allow a killer to legally roam the streets? Why would the people of this great nation allow another poison to be offered to the general public? The past of the U.S. has not served it well in deciding the fate of the future of its generations. There are already two killers running rampant on the streets of this great nation. Tobacco and alcohol kill millions of people each year. They destroy the lives of families by spreading cancer, alcoholism, liver disease, addiction and abuse. We have tried to control these two dangerous infections in our past with prohibition and laws to limit the sales to adults. These attempts to curb the destructive nature of these two substances have all but been thrown to the way side by our society. Now alcohol and tobacco have not only infected every generation since their freedom; the U.S. will be living with their destruction for generations to come. This begs the question, Why should the U.S. allow ma rijuana, a third poison, to be legal for recreational use? Although it does seem to help in the medical field, such as pain relief and seizure medication, that does not give this generation the right to allow citizens to legally buy it from every local convenience store. This research paper will show that marijuana is dangerous to this nation’s youth, a gateway drug to hardcore drug use, and laws that will help to protect the future generations will be discarded like the laws of the past. TheseShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of The United States998 Words   |  4 Pagessix months to live. Imagine further, if you will, that to the best of available medical knowledge, your death will be painful and traumatic; dementia, loss of sight or hearing, and loss of bodily functions. Would you want the people you love to witness this if it caused them greater anguish? Would you want your life to end this way if you had an alternative? I believe that in the United States, all terminally il l adults who are mentally competent should have the freedom to die with dignity the wayRead MoreThe Death Of The United States1516 Words   |  7 Pages He states that he believes the Islamic Republic will face sever external pressure and influence if he dies and a successor is not named beforehand. He request that a successor is named prior to his death, so that he can advise the successor while he is still living. He insists this necessary action prevents the Islamic Republic from facing the same situation occurring after the death of Supreme Leader Khomeini. The Assembly of Experts leaders agree with Supreme Leader Khamenei and state theyRead MoreThe Death Of The United States1216 Words   |  5 Pages Kent State University, located in Ohio, faced a tragic event on May 4th, 1970. On this day members of the Ohio National Guard fired into a crowd of students ultimately killing four and severely wounding 9. (Lewis, Hensley) This massacre stunned the country. The various reactions to these students’ deaths came in a widely range throughout the country. Many citizens sparked a voice of belief against these actions and made a significant impact on the aftermath. Neil Young produced a highly acclaimedRead MoreThe Deaths Of The United States2639 Words   |  11 PagesAccording to recent data, suicide is in on the top ten causes of death in the United States. As the staggering number of suicides increases to over 36,000 a year, and more than a 100 each day. (O’Neil 1) When looking at the data for military veterans, the numbers are even more alarming, as the increasing number, is caused for a national concern. In the past decade the demographics for veterans that committed su icide was predominantly was white male and in the age range of 18 years to 25 years oldRead MoreThe Death Of The United States1264 Words   |  6 Pagesa group of angry worker friends still carrying their picks and shovels. The angry mob gathered in front of the hospital and blocked off any exits to barricade the students and doctors inside. (Headley) With the minds of the people in this agitated state, they burst open the doors of the hospital, destroyed a valuable collection of anatomical specimens, and medical supplies. A few students and a doctor hid themselves, but were found and would have suffered the wrath of the mob if the civil officersRead MoreThe Death Of The United States874 Words   |  4 Pagesacceptable for a man to disrespect her and disown her children because her dad never taught her how a lady should be treated. To sum it up, a child’s primary relationship with his/her dad can have an affect on all of the child’s relationships from birth to death, this includes relationships with friends, family, and lovers. Those exact patterns of interaction with the father are the very patterns that will be interpreted into all relationships. Third of all, a father is well-needed in his children’s livesRead MoreThe Death Of The United States994 Words   |  4 PagesThere was a strong pungent of disinfectants and rubbing alcohol as she was rushed into the lobby. Crying out her last breath to express her agonizing pain as she lied down on the cold gurney. The nurses in a light blue uniform quickly arrived as several doctors in long white gowns rushed to the scene. Her mother was by her side, holding her hands as tight as she could, as the nurses pushed the agitating gurney towards the automatic doors. Soon her visions blurred and as the world turned into a tintRead MoreThe Death Of The United States933 Words   |  4 PagesPresident Wilson reversed his position and announced his support for a suffrage amendment, calling it a â€Å"war measure† (Myers). By 1919, the House and the Senate approved of the 19th Amendment and only needed the state ratification to finalize the process. About three-fourths of the states were needed to ratify the new amendment. The battle for ratification came down to Tennessee in 1920. The deciding vote was casted by twenty-four year-old Harry Burn, the youngest member of the Tennessee assemblyRead MoreThe Death Of The United States900 Words   |  4 Pagesposies begins playing the dancing death song round and round inside my head every time I look back at my life. When the news of the plague began hitting other towns around me that is when I became frightened that my city was being quickly destroyed. I started pleading my husband to not leave the house but he called me insane his words were who else would bring the money to the table. He never was a good listener and it was when my husband passed away that I realized death is unavoidable. People beganRead MoreThe Death Of The United States Essay740 Words   |  3 Pages Her disappointment from not receiving the anticipated call from John had slowly morphed into anger overnight. Lacking sleep and an outlet for her anger, she rowed with her mother twice in the thirtyish minutes that their paths crossed while Rose dragged feet in getting ready for work that morning. She fumed over the arguments with her mother on the way to work planning comebacks to continue the disagreements later. She strode into the pharmacy wearing a dark upon her face. --------------- Rose

Report on Columbia River Crossing Project

Questions: 1. You will submit: a Project Scope Statement with stakeholder information, communication plans, and a WBS for a project you select. First, determine the project you will use for this assignment. It can be a real project or completely made-up. Think about various types of projects (e.g. starting a new company, writing a novel, planning a 50th anniversary party for your parents, consolidating departments, or possibly something in banking, health services, IT, or construction. 2. Develop a scope statement. Make any assumptions; be sure to document them. 3. Identify your stakeholders. For each, state if the stakeholder is external/internal, have influence/do not have influence, are impactful/are not impactful. 4. Determine the communication plan for your project. Some consideration or questions that may help you with this: Kloppenborg, p. 127-128. Do not get overly detailed for this part of the assignment. If your communication plan is more than a half page long, you have gotten too detailed. 5. Develop a WBS for your project down to level 3 at a minimum (6 at the maximum) and for at least one of the categories, down to a work package. There are also videos in the module that help to explain a WBS. If your work shows a severe lack of understanding of a WBS, I assume you have not done all your reading assignments or watched the videos. Answers: Introduction In this project report, it summarizes the construction of a Columbia River Crossing Project with its project scope statement. Different assumptions are also taken to make a successful completion of the project. Apart from this, it also gives a brief description of the key stakeholders on its particular role in the construction of the Columbia River Crossing Project. A communication plan is developed with a set of strategies and intends to communicate with the consequences of the evaluation. Finally, it gives a Work Breakdown Structure to give the key deliverables of the construction project plan that organizes the work of team into manageable sections. 1.0 Project Background Columbia River Crossing is a joint Oregon-Washington Project that replaces the existing Columbia River Bridge, which connects Portland (london.gov.uk 2012). This project focuses on rebuilding a series of highway around the bridge with the extension of light rail across the river. It also improves the existing highways. The overall project will cost up to $3.5 billion that replaces the existing Columbia River Bridge. Even the reason behind the construction of this river crossing project is that the freight that crosses the existing bridge is facing delays due to congestion (sao.wa.gov 2014). This project plan addresses various issues related to travel as well as trade. It also addresses the problem of congestion. This project plan provides the reduction in congestion as well as mobility with an accessibility of all the users. It recognizes all the requirements of the local as well as interstate movement in the future. It also provides an efficiently transportation system, encourages the reduced reliance on the single vehicle, improves the incident management as well as increases the capacity measures. 2.0 Project Scope Statement The scope of proposed project is to improve the mobility by addressing the future travel demand as well as needs of mobility in the Columbia River Crossing Bridge. It improves the connectivity, time of travels as well as operations of the public transportation (Brockmann 2012). It also improves the highway freight as well as addresses the needs of travel and trade. This river crossing project addresses the specific problems such as the growing demand as well as congestion, impairing the freight mobility, limiting the operations of public transportation and safety as well as vulnerabilities to the accidents (Hallgren 2012). The scope of this project is that it limits the operation of the public transportation that includes the trips among the Portland Central City as well as the city of the Vancouver as well as country of Clark (Joslin and Muller 2015). The overall outcome of the project plan is to focus on rebuilding a series of highway around the bridge with an extension of light rail across the river. Therefore, the project plan addresses the problem of growing demand as well as congestion and limiting the operations of public transportation within the area of Columbia. 2.1 Assumptions The project manager for successful completion of the project plan takes the assumptions such that the project plan addresses the needs of the travel as well as trade (Lahdenpera 2012). The deliverables of the Columbia River Crossing Project should be delivered within the given particular period as well as estimated budget (Muller and Soderlund 2015). The issues are identified, and the risk management officer takes all the possible steps to mitigate those issues and based on those, the proposed project plan meets with its key objectives of constructing the river bridge (Shamir and Verhoeven 2013). This construction plan would result in heavy congestion that results in the growth of population within the region with a growth in the employment as well as economic activity. The traffic congestion reduces the mobility of the freight among the regional markets of Portland (Thorne et al. 2014). It is assumed that the congestion reduces the speed of bus speed as well as reliability. These as sumptions should be documented such as the project should complete within the given time and budget and can get a successful completion. The assumptions of the project plan consist of: The availability of the key project member The performance of the key project member The skills of the team members Delivery time of the vendors Issues related to vendor performance Accuracy of the dates related to project schedule 3.0 Identification of Stakeholders The project is the joint project of the departments of transportation between the Washington as well as Oregon. Key Stakeholders Responsibilities Influenced/Non-Influenced Impactful/Non-Impactful Co-leaders Federal Highway Administration as well as Transit Administration The responsibility is to improve the mobility of the river bridge highways through national innovation as well as program delivery (Yu, Ma and Wang 2011). It develops the improved mass communication. High The co-leaders are maximizing its influence by working with the leadership of other transit agencies (Thorne et al. 2014). High The contribution of the Federal Highway Administration and Federal Transit Administration develops the mass communication among the states of the United States (Dorobantu, Nartey and Henisz 2013). Local partners City of Portland City of Vancouver Southwest Washington Regional Transportation Council They are guiding the regional transportation planning program that includes the transportation policy development (Waligo, Clarke and Hawkins 2013). It develops the regional transportation plan and the programming of the transportation projects for funding. High The management of the local partners has an influence on the development of the regional. Medium The local partners are overseeing the transportation planning process over the Columbia River Bridge crossing. Transit agencies TriMet C-TRAN They are operating regular bus route services. High The internal as well as external factors that are used to influence the ridership growth (Dorobantu, Nartey and Henisz 2013). The internal factors are the level of service, and external factors are traffic congestion and trade growth. Medium These transit agencies are most impactful with the least imposing upgrade. People of Clark Country and Portland They have the responsibility to give their feedback on the construction plan. Low They are influenced to do so such that their feedback should help in designing the best possible structure of the river bridge (Waligo, Clarke and Hawkins 2013). Medium The feedback is given by the People of Clark country, and Portland has an impact on the construction of the bridge. Elected officials They have the responsibility to make sure that it fulfills all the duties under the law it powers (Richman 2012). Low They want to fulfill the duties under the law and follow all the guidelines of constructing a river bridge. Medium If the river bridge is not constructed by following the guidelines, then it gives an impact on the project plan. Project Sponsors and staff They fund for the project plan as per the materials required to construct the Columbia River Crossing Project (Schwalbe 2014). High If the project plan is not completed within the given budget, then there is a high chance of risk within the plan (Dinsmore and Cabanis-Brewin 2014). High If any resources are added, then it will increase the total fund of the project (Heagney 2012). Neighborhood associations The project team works with the neighborhood associations in order to provide information with project updates (Waligo, Clarke and Hawkins 2013). High The other stakeholders are not able to get the information on the latest updates. High If they are not giving the exact updates, then it will not be able to provide the necessary information (Joslin and Muller 2015). 4.0 Communication Plan Deliverable Information Recipient Delivery Method Schedule Project Status Project Planner Director Weekly meetings, Pod casts posted on the project website Weekly Agenda Project team, Steering Committee E-mail, Meetings Monthly Timeline update Steering Committee, Executive Project Sponsor Mailing list, Website update As required Project risks Project steering committee, Project team Risk document, project minutes Monthly Funding of the project plan Project Sponsor E-mail Weekly Supply information kits conducted training Consultant E-mail, phone call Weekly Meetings regarding the design of the river crossing bridge Project Designer E-mail, phone call As required Address and resolve the issues Risk Officer Meetings Weekly 5.0 Work Breakdown Structure WBS Predecessors WBS Activities 1.0 Understand and Explain the needs 1.1 Discuss with the government about the construction plan 1.2 Utilize the specifications of project plan 1.3 Meeting with the stakeholders 1.4 Sign off 2.0 Procurement for constructing the river bridge 2.1 Bridge Working drawings 2.1.1 Structural steel 2.1.2 Structural bearings 2.1.3 Expansion of highways 2.1.4 Machinery for movable bridges 2.1.5 Electrical items for the bridges 2.1.6 Concrete crib walls 2.2 Road requiring design 2.2.1 Impact attenuators 2.2.2 Sheeting 2.2.3 Electrical items 2.3 Sequence of processes 2.3.1 Steel placing 2.3.2 Expansion joints 2.3.3 Wearing coat 2.3.4 Concrete placement 3.0 Completion of the Design of the Bridge 3.1 Start and build the Columbia River Crossing Bridge 3.2 Understand the design of the bridge 3.2.1 Modification of the process of the design 3.2.2 Identify the areas of modification 3.3 Risk management plan 3.3.1 Identify the risks 3.3.2 Testing for the performance 3.4 Final Design 4.0 Construction of the Columbia River bridge 4.1 Pre-turn around construction 4.2 Turn around 4.3 Major construction 4.4 Feasibility study of the construction plan 5.0 Testing of the plan 5.1 Manuals and Documents 5.2 Integrated testing 5.3 Test the resources and equipment 5.4 Preventative maintenance 6.0 Sign off the project plan Conclusion It is concluded that the construction plan for Columbia River Crossing Project replaces the existing Columbia River Bridge, and this bridge connects to the Portland. It also rebuilds a series of highways that improves the existing highways. It is built due to the reason behind the construction of this river crossing project is that the freight that crosses the existing bridge is facing delays due to congestion. This project plan addresses various issues related to travel as well as trade. From the construction of this plan, it gives an outcome that it results in heavy congestion those consequences in the growth of population within the region with an expansion in the employ as well as financial activity. The congestion of traffic uses to reduce the mobility of the freight so that it reduces the speed of the bus as well as reliability. This construction plan contains the list of the stakeholders with their particular communication plan so that they can able to improve the existing highways and overcome with the issues of high congestion on the highways. Through the communication plan, they can able to communicate with others so that there is no possibility of any conflict among the key stakeholders. This project plan also addresses the detailed problems such as the rising demand as well as overcrowding, impairing the freight mobility, preventing the operations of public transport. References Books Dinsmore, P. and Cabanis-Brewin, J., 2014.The AMA Handbook of Project Management. New York: AMACOM. Heagney, J., 2012.Fundamentals of project management. New York: American Management Association. Richman, L., 2012.Improving your project management skills. New York: American Management Association. Schwalbe, K., 2014.Information technology project management. Boston, MA: Course Technology. Journals Brockmann, C., 2012. Construction Project Scheduling and Control (CourseSmart), 2nd edn.Construction Management and Economics, 30(11), pp.1012-1013. Dorobantu, S., Nartey, L. and Henisz, W., 2013. "First Impressions: Stakeholder Networks, Proactive Engagement Stakeholder Opinions of Companies".Academy of Management Proceedings, 2013(1), pp.17448-17448. Hllgren, M., 2012. The construction of research questions in project management.International Journal of Project Management, 30(7), pp.804-816. Joslin, R. and Muller, R., 2015. Relationships between a project management methodology and project success in different project governance contexts.International Journal of Project Management, 33(6), pp.1377-1392. Lahdenper, P., 2012. Making sense of the multi-party contractual arrangements of project partnering, project alliancing and integrated project delivery.Construction Management and Economics, 30(1), pp.57-79. Muller, R. and Soderlund, J., 2015. Innovative approaches in project management research.International Journal of Project Management, 33(2), pp.251-253. Shamir, U. and Verhoeven, J., 2013. Management of wetlands in river basins: The WETwin project.Environmental Science Policy, 34, pp.1-2. Thorne, C., Castro, J., Cluer, B., Skidmore, P. and Shea, C., 2014. Project Risk Screening Matrix for River Management and Restoration.River Res. Applic., 31(5), pp.611-626. Waligo, V., Clarke, J. and Hawkins, R., 2013. Implementing sustainable tourism: A multi-stakeholder involvement management framework.Tourism Management, 36, pp.342-353. YU, P., MA, Q. and WANG, L., 2011. TBM Cutting Tools Maintenance Technology for the Yellow River Crossing Project in the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project.South-to-North Water Diversion and Water Science Technology, 9(1), pp.21-25. Websites london.gov.uk, 2012.East London River Crossings: Assessment of Options. [online] Available at: https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/gla_migrate_files_destination/East%20London%20River%20Crossings%20Assessment%20of%20Options%20TfL_0.pdf [Accessed 31 Jan. 2016]. sao.wa.gov, 2014.Columbia River Crossing Project. [online] Available at: https://www.sao.wa.gov/state/Documents/Columbia_River_Crossing_Project.pdf [Accessed 31 Jan. 2016].

The revolutions of 1848 Essays - Suffrage, Universal Suffrage

The forces of Nationalism and liberism erupted again in the revolutions of 1848. Beggining in 1846, there were sever economic problemss in france. theses problems brought suffering to the lower middle class, workers, and peasants. at the same time, the middle class demanded the right to vote, but the government refused to make changes. in 1848 the monarahy was over thrown. a group of republicans set a provisional or temporary government. the republicans were people who wanted France to be a republic, a government in which leaders are elected. the provisional government called for the election of representitives to a contituent assembly that would draw up a new constitution. election would be by Universal male suffrage, that is all adult me could vote. the new constitution was ratified on november 4th 1848. it set up a new reublic called the second republic. the second republic had a single legislature and a president who served for four years. the legislature and the presedent were b oth selected by universal male suffrage. Electionss for the presidency were held in December 1848 and Charles louis Napolean Bonaparte won. He was the nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte.